![]() Concrete composite element for a ceiling element for room temperature control.
专利摘要:
A concrete composite element (1) for a ceiling element (11) for room temperature control comprises a concrete slab element (12), a first beam element (3) and a second beam element (4). The concrete slab element (12) rests on the first beam element (3) and the second beam element (4), the concrete slab element (12), the first beam element (3) and the second beam element (4) delimiting a gap (13). The intermediate space (13) contains an air circulation element (2), wherein an air flow (25) can be generated by the air circulation element (2) which is directed onto the surface (16) of the concrete plate element (12) facing the intermediate space (13). The airflow (25) can absorb heat from the concrete slab element (12) or give off heat to the concrete slab element (12). 公开号:CH711401A2 申请号:CH01125/15 申请日:2015-08-03 公开日:2017-02-15 发明作者:Suter Patrick 申请人:Erne Ag Holzbau; IPC主号:
专利说明:
The present application relates to an activatable concrete composite element for a room system, which is equipped with a device for controlling the temperature of the air in the room. In particular, the room system has a ceiling element, for example, for a building ceiling, which is designed as activatable concrete slab element. From CH 690 457 a method for cooling a room by cooling room air in the ceiling area is known, which is done by forced convection of cooling elements in a lying in the ceiling cooling area and the air exchange between the cooling area and a lying below the same residence area by free Convection is effected. The cooling area is separated from the occupied area by an air-permeable separating element and forms an air cooling ceiling. In the cooling area, a horizontally aligned air flow is generated by means of fans. In the cooling area, a pipe through which a heat transfer medium flows is additionally arranged in order to additionally cool the air flowing from the residence area through the air-permeable separating element. A disadvantage of this solution from the prior art, the additional energy needs has been found that is required by the operation of the fans. The use of cooling ceilings in principle has the advantage that drafts can be reduced, especially when in the room coming from the cooling ceiling incoming air can be preheated by the air cooling elements, so that compact cold air flows can be avoided. By a warm air flow, which is directed opposite to the cold air flow, a draft air roller can be prevented according to EP 2 746 684 A1. A solution for avoiding drafts is also disclosed in EP 0 298 996 B1, in which fans in the room can be completely dispensed with. This document shows a trained as a heat exchanger ceiling element, by means of which rising heated room air can be cooled. This heat exchanger is designed as an air-to-air heat exchanger, through which fresh air flows, which originates from a fresh air source located outside the room. The heat transfer to the room air can be done by heat conduction through the channel walls, but it can also be supplied to the fresh air via openings in the channel walls. The fresh air remains in the immediate vicinity of the openings as a microflow, so it only serves the heat exchange, but not the fresh air supply of the room. Rather, the flowing through the channels of the heat exchanger fresh air is passed into a diffuser. The fresh air exits the diffuser and flows downwards at a flow rate of 0.15 m / s into the room. Although the flow velocity of the exiting fresh air is lowered by the diffuser, the fresh air enters the room locally from this end of the room due to the arrangement of the diffuser in one end of the room, so that a substantially annular flow is created. If, on the other hand, the room air has to be heated up or cooled down, the diffuser must be supplied with a separate stream of cold air or hot air. By the heat exchanger, a continuous temperature compensation should take place, which can be ensured at low temperature differences between the effluent from the diffuser cold air or warm air on the one hand and the room air on the other hand by low fresh air flow rates. For larger temperature differences or increased heating or cooling speed, an increased air flow through the heat exchanger is required, which in turn can only be achieved with blowers, which is shown in CH 690 457.These solutions have in common that the heat exchange takes place via an air flow, which is directed from an outdoor area into the room and must leave the room again in the outdoor area. If this air flow has to be heated or cooled, a high energy requirement is required. There has been sought in the prior art ways to reduce energy consumption, for example, it is known from EP 1 022 518 A1 to use the thermal inertia of a concrete pavement as a heat storage. The concrete pavement is cooled or heated by means of pipes running inside the concrete pavement. In the tubes flows a heat transfer medium, such as water or a brine. On the top of the concrete floor is a floor covering made of a material with low thermal conductivity, which forms an insulating layer. Below the concrete ceiling is arranged a false ceiling which contains a shielding device which has a permeability to air. The shielding device comprises an array of adjustable plates with which the amount of air flowing into the space can be changed. However, even with the tube heat exchanger mounted in the concrete ceiling, it is only possible to use about 10 to 15 cm depth of the concrete ceiling for the heat exchange. In other words, up to 2/3 of the concrete ceiling is not available for heat exchange. In order to improve the heat exchange, therefore, the largest possible proportion of the concrete ceiling should be able to be brought into direct contact with the room air. On the one hand, the surface of the concrete ceiling could be increased for this purpose, but this can lead to an increased dead weight of the ceiling, if, for example, a ribbed surface is provided, as shown for example in EP 0 568 441 A1. On the other hand, further cooling or heating pipes could be provided in the concrete ceiling, which is shown for example in CH 225 745. However, the cooling or heating pipes may not be embedded in the concrete, but must be embedded for reasons of thermal expansion in the hollow body, so that unimpeded thermal expansion of the cooling or heating pipes is possible. As a result, however, the proportion of heat transfer takes place by heat conduction, reduced, so that the energy efficiency is deteriorated. To reduce tensile loads on a concrete pavement, which is exposed to deflections, it is also proposed in CH 225 745 to perform the concrete pavement in composite construction. This composite construction may involve the use of concrete beams or steel girders cast in the concrete slab mass. These concrete or steel girders serve as supporting structures which can absorb tensile loads. If cooling or heating pipes have to be additionally provided, they must be arranged in the structures supporting them, which has additional design complexity. In particular, the cooling or heating pipes are covered by a plaster, which in turn has a worse efficiency result, since the cooling or heating pipes first the surrounding air must be cooled or heated in the cavity and this air then cools the plaster or heated. Only over the plaster, the air is heated or cooled in the immediate vicinity of the plaster. If no air exchange can take place, the air in the room will have a different temperature depending on its height.According to one variant, wooden beams may also be provided as load-bearing elements for a wooden ceiling, although the wooden ceiling contains a heat-insulating layer so that, in contrast to the concrete floor, it can not be used for heat exchange. Therefore, according to this embodiment, the heating or cooling pipes are arranged on a false ceiling, which is mounted on the wooden beams. Between the false ceiling and the wooden ceiling thus remains between the support beams a cavity which is not accessible after the cooling tubes have been mounted on the associated cooling plate. The cooling plate is additionally covered by the plaster, which is located below the cooling plate. In addition to the high installation costs and maintenance is high because the cooling tubes are accessible again after plaster and cooling plate have been removed. In order to improve the heat transfer and the insulation effect, a concrete wood composite element was proposed for a floor heating in EP 2 128 353 A1. By using a concrete-wood composite component on the one hand, the tensile loads acting on the ceiling element or floor element, be absorbed by the wood beams, so that the concrete slab must absorb only essentially compressive forces. On the other hand, the insulation effect can be optimized. The concrete slab rests on a plate 20 which is supported by the timber beams. The wooden beams are in turn on a battens, which is covered by a planking. Between adjacent timber beams remains a cavity, which can also be filled with insulating material. This concrete-wood composite finished part thus has good insulation properties downwards and good heat transfer upwards, because all heat can be conducted to the top of the prefabricated concrete-wood component, thus providing optimized underfloor heating. The object of the invention is therefore to provide an activatable concrete composite element, which allows a temperature of the room air. This object is achieved by means of an activatable concrete composite element according to claim 1. The dependent claims 2 to 15 relate to advantageous embodiments of the room system.When the term "for example" is used in the following description, this term refers to embodiments and / or embodiments, which is not necessarily to be understood as a more preferred application of the teachings of the invention. Similarly, the terms "preferred," "preferred," are understood to refer to an example of a variety of embodiments and / or embodiments, which is not necessarily to be understood as a preferred application of the teachings of the invention The terms "for example", "preferably" or "preferred" refer to a plurality of embodiments and / or embodiments. The following detailed description contains various embodiments of the inventive room system. The room system can be obtained by means of differently designed or arranged components, so that the description of a particular room system is to be regarded as exemplary only. In the description and claims, the terms "include," "include," "exhibit" are interpreted as "including, but not limited to ...". The object is achieved by a concrete composite element for a building ceiling, which comprises a concrete slab element, a first beam element and a second beam element. The concrete slab element rests on the first beam element and the second beam element. The concrete slab element, the first beam element and the second beam element define a gap. The space contains an air circulation element, by means of which the concrete slab element can be blown. This means that an air flow is generated by the air circulation element, which is directed to the space facing the gap surface of the concrete slab elements. The airflow can absorb heat from the concrete slab element or release heat to the concrete slab element. In the first case, the air flow is warmed up, because a heat transfer of the concrete slab element takes place at the air flow. The temperature of the concrete slab element decreases. In the second case, the air flow is cooled because heat transfer from the air flow to the concrete slab element occurs. That is, it takes place in this case, a heat absorption of the concrete slab element, so that the temperature of the concrete slab element increases. Each of the beam members may have a top and a bottom, with the top of the beam member carrying the concrete slab member. Any tensile stresses that may arise as a result of a deflection of the concrete composite element are thus absorbed by the beam element, so that no tensile stresses act on the concrete plate element. The concrete slab element is thus subjected to pressure. By this measure, the concrete slab element can be made thin-walled, since the supporting function is taken over by the beam elements. In particular, the concrete slab element can have a maximum height of 15 cm. Therefore, the entire concrete slab element can be used as a heat or cold storage. Thus, surprisingly not only a weight reduction by the use of a concrete slab element substantially lower thickness can be achieved, but also the entire concrete slab element can be used as a heat or cold storage. In addition, channels may still be provided in the concrete slab element through which a heating medium or a cooling medium may come into contact with the slab element. Thus, more heat can be supplied or removed as needed. The concrete composite element may be part of a room system comprising a ceiling element containing the concrete composite element. The room system includes at least a first wall element and a second wall element. The room system contains a floor element, which in particular may be the same as the ceiling element. That is, on the concrete composite element, a floor covering may be attached, so that the ceiling element can form a floor element for another, above floor of a building. The room system can also have a third and / or fourth wall element. Each wall element may include windows or doors. The first beam member has a first beam end and a second beam end. The second beam member has a first beam end and a second beam end. The first beam end of the first and second beam members rests on the first wall member and the second beam end of the first and second beam members rests on the second wall member. Each of the beam members has an upper surface and a lower surface, and in one embodiment, the upper surface supports the concrete plate element. The beam element may be formed as a wooden beam or may include a wooden beam. The beam member may also be formed as a steel beam. Furthermore, the beam element may be formed as a composite component which contains at least one of the materials wood or a ferrous building material. In particular, the beam element can also be designed as a reinforced with wood or a ferrous building material concrete element. In particular, the concrete slab element, the first wall element, the second wall element, the first beam element and the second beam element can define the intermediate space. The space is therefore open at the bottom so that an air exchange between the space and extending below it can take place by the air circulation element. The intermediate space contains the air circulation element. According to one embodiment, the air circulation element may include a flow channel, so that the air flow from the air circulation element into the common room is conductive. By means of the air circulation element, a draft of air from the common room can be directed in the direction of the concrete slab element. The air circulation element may be formed as a fan or comprise a pipe system which is connected to a compressed air source or vacuum source, so that an air flow can be generated by a pressure gradient. According to one embodiment, the air circulation element may include a flow channel whose cross section narrows continuously in the flow direction and then continuously expanded. In particular, the air circulation element is designed as a venturi element. The venturi element can in particular be designed as a Venturi tube element. The air circulation element has in particular an inlet end and an outlet end. According to one embodiment, the air circulation element contains at least one flow cross section from the group of rectangular, annular, circular or polygonal flow cross sections. The flow cross sections may have different sizes and in the intermediate space Luftumwälzelemente different cross-sectional shape can be combined. In the intermediate space can therefore be arranged a plurality of Luftumwälzelementen. At least part of the air circulation elements may have a flow cross-section which is smaller than the flow cross-section of another part of the air circulation elements. Thus, depending on the location of the gap in the lounge different cooling effects or heating effects can be generated.In particular, the air circulation element can be arranged in the intermediate space such that an air flow from the space in the direction of the concrete slab element can be conducted. The flow channel of the air circulation element may in particular be arranged vertically. In particular, the concrete slab element can be heated or cooled by the air flow, so that the concrete slab element is designed as a heat storage or a cold storage. In particular, the beam element has an upper side and a lower side, wherein the upper side carries the concrete plate element. According to one exemplary embodiment, a cover element extends from the underside of the beam element to the underside of the second beam element. The cover member may have openings for the passage of air. In particular, at least some of the openings may correspond to the outlet openings of the flow channels. According to one embodiment, the cover is permeable to air. For example, the cover member may include slots, may have a grid structure or screen structure, or may include a random air-permeable nonwoven. According to one embodiment, the air circulation element may be held by means of a holding element on the beam element and / or the concrete slab element. According to one embodiment, the ceiling element includes a plurality of beam elements. In the intermediate space can be provided according to an embodiment, a soundproofing element and / or a separation element for moisture. The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to exemplary embodiments set forth in the drawings. These show:<Tb> FIG. 1 <SEP> is a side view of a first embodiment of the invention,<Tb> FIG. 2 <SEP> is a plan view of a concrete composite element according to the first embodiment.<Tb> FIG. 3 <SEP> is a side view of a second embodiment of the invention,<Tb> FIG. 4 <SEP> is a plan view of a concrete composite element according to the second embodiment. Fig. 1 shows a first embodiment of the invention. A room system comprises a ceiling element 11, which contains a concrete composite element 1. The concrete composite element 1 comprises a concrete slab element 12, a first beam element 3 and a second beam element 4. The concrete slab element 12 rests on the first beam element 3 and the second beam element 4. The concrete slab element has a first surface 16 facing the gap 13. The concrete slab element has a second surface 17 opposite the first surface. On the concrete slab element 12, a floor 14 may be laid, wherein between the bottom 14 and the surface 17 of the concrete slab element, an intermediate floor 15 may be provided. The floor 14 may be supported on support beams 17 on the surface 17. The intermediate bottom 15 may be formed as a cavity. The cavity may be filled with heat-insulating or sound-insulating material. The concrete plate element 12, the first beam element 3 and the second beam element 4 define a gap 13. The space 13 contains an air circulation element 2. The air circulation element may for example comprise a fan or a pipe system which is equipped with air inlet openings and air outlet openings. By the air circulation element, a flow channel 20 may be formed, or the air circulation element may include a flow channel 20, by means of which air from the intermediate space 13 can be introduced into an underlying lounge 30. The air flow is schematically represented by arrows 25. From the lounge 30 air passes through the slots 21 in the intermediate space 13. The air flow from the lounge 30 is directed towards the surface 16 of the concrete slab element 12. The airflow may heat or cool the surface 17 of the concrete slab element 12. By heat conduction also located between the surface 16 and the surface 17 volume of the concrete slab elements 12 is heated or cooled. This effect occurs in particular up to a distance of 10 to 15 cm, measured from the surface 16 in the direction of the surface 17. Thus, the concrete slab element can absorb heat or give off heat up to a height of 10-15 cm from the surface 16, as well as exert a heat storage function. Such a concrete slab element is also referred to as activatable concrete slab element. The intermediate space 13 is separated from the common room 30 by a cover 22. The cover element 20 has an opening 23 for the flow channel 20. Furthermore, the cover element has one or more slots 21, through which air from the stay room 30 can enter the intermediate space 13. 2, a first wall element 5 and a second wall element 6 is shown. The first beam end 7 of the first beam elements 3 and the first beam end 9 of the second beam elements 4 rest on the wall element 5. The second beam end 8 of the first beam elements 3 and the second beam end 10 of the second beam elements 4 rest on the wall element 6. In particular, the air circulation element may be arranged in the intermediate space such that an air flow 25 can be conducted from the intermediate space 13 into the stay space 30. In particular, a draft 28 can be conducted from the stay room 30 in the direction of the concrete slab elements 12. Fig. 3 shows a side view of a second embodiment of the invention, Fig. 4 is a plan view of a concrete composite element according to the second embodiment. The second embodiment differs from the first embodiment in the embodiment of the Luftumwälzelements 2 and by additional tempering 35. The tempering 35 may be attached to the cover 22 or may also be in the concrete slab element or attached to at least one of the surfaces 16, 17 of the concrete slab element, which is not shown in the drawing. The air circulation element according to FIG. 3 contains a flow channel 20, the cross-section of which narrows continuously in the flow direction and subsequently expands continuously. The flow channel 20 of the air circulation element 2 has, in particular, an inlet end 26 and an outlet end 27. The flow channel 20 extends from the inlet end 26 to the outlet end 27. In particular, the flow channel of the air circulation element may have a flow cross section from the group of rectangular, annular, circular or polygonal flow cross sections. The flow cross sections may have different sizes, and air circulation elements 213 of different cross sectional shape may be combined with one another in the intermediate space. In the intermediate space 13 may therefore be arranged a plurality of air circulation elements. At least part of the air circulation elements may have a flow cross-section which is smaller than the flow cross-section of another part of the air circulation elements. Thus, depending on the location of the gap in the lounge different cooling effects or heating effects can be generated. The flow channel 20 of the air circulation element 2 may be arranged vertically in particular according to each of the embodiments. In particular, the concrete slab element 12 can be heated or cooled by the air flow 25, so that the concrete slab element is designed as a heat storage or a cold storage. By the air flow 25, a circulation flow is generated, which enters from the intermediate space 13 in the lounge 30 and generates a draft 28, which is directed towards the surface 16 of the concrete slab element 12. In particular, the beam element 3, 4 according to each of the embodiments has an upper side and a lower side, wherein the upper side carries the concrete slab element 12. According to each of the exemplary embodiments, a cover element 22 extends from the underside of the beam element to the underside of the second beam element. The cover element 22 may have openings 23 for the passage of the air flow 25. In particular, at least some of the openings 23 may correspond to an outlet end, for example the outlet end 27 of a flow channel 20. The flow channel 20 may have lateral inlet openings, so that a partial air flow is sucked from the intermediate space 13 into the flow channel 20. According to one embodiment, the flow channel 20 may comprise a nozzle member 24, wherein air flows through the nozzle member and a partial air flow is sucked through the annular inlet opening 26. The nozzle element thus operates on the venturi principle. The air flowing through the nozzle member may be under higher pressure than the air in the gap 13. The air flowing through the nozzle member may be, for example, fresh air. The air flowing through the nozzle element can be preheated or pre-cooled, depending on whether the common room is to be heated or cooled. According to one embodiment, the cover 22 is permeable to air. The cover member 22 may include, for example, slots 21, may have a grid structure or screen structure, or may include a random air-permeable nonwoven fabric. According to one embodiment, the air circulation element can be held by means of a holding element on the beam element 3, 4 and / or the concrete slab element. The retaining element is not shown in the drawings. According to one embodiment, the ceiling element includes a plurality of beam elements. In the intermediate space can be provided according to an embodiment, a soundproofing element and / or a separation element for moisture. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that many other modifications are possible in addition to the described embodiments of the space system without departing from the inventive concept. The object of the invention is thus not limited by the foregoing description and is determined by the scope of protection defined by the claims. The widest possible reading of the claims is decisive for the interpretation of the claims or the description. In particular, the terms "contain" or "include" are to be interpreted as referring to elements, components or steps in a non-exclusive sense, to indicate that the elements, components or steps may or may be present can be combined with other elements, components, or steps that are not explicitly mentioned. If the claims refer to an element or component from a group which may consist of A, B, C ... N elements or components, that formulation should be interpreted as requiring only a single element of that group, and not a combination of A and N, B and N, or any other combination of two or more elements or components of this group.
权利要求:
Claims (10) [1] A concrete composite element (1) for a ceiling element (11) comprising a concrete slab element (12), a first beam element (3) and a second beam element (4), the concrete slab element (12) being mounted on the first beam element (3). and the second beam element (4), the concrete plate element (12), the first beam element (3) and the second beam element (4) delimiting a gap (13), characterized in that the space (13) is an air circulation element (2) contains, by the air circulation element (2) an air flow (25) can be generated, which is directed to the intermediate space (13) facing the surface (16) of the concrete slab element (12). [2] 2. concrete composite element (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the concrete slab element (12) from the air flow (25) is heated or cooled. [3] 3. concrete composite element (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the concrete slab element (12) is designed as a heat storage or a cold storage. [4] 4. concrete composite element (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the concrete slab element (12) has a height of a maximum of 15 cm. [5] 5. concrete composite element (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the beam element (3, 4) has a top and a bottom, wherein the top carries the concrete slab element (12). [6] 6. room system (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the air circulation element (2) includes a flow channel (20), so that the air flow (25) from the air circulation element (2) in the common room (30) is conductive. [7] 7. room system (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein by means of the air circulation element (2) a draft (28) from the common room (30) in the direction of the concrete slab element is conductive. [8] 8. concrete composite element (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the air circulation element (2) includes a flow channel (20) whose cross section narrows continuously in the flow direction and then continuously expanded. [9] 9. concrete composite element (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein extending from the underside of the first beam element (3) to the underside of the second beam element (4), a cover (22). [10] 10. concrete composite element (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the cover member (22) has openings (21, 23) for the passage of air.
类似技术:
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同族专利:
公开号 | 公开日 EP3128244B1|2020-11-18| CH711401B1|2019-05-15| EP3128244A1|2017-02-08|
引用文献:
公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题 CH225745A|1942-06-02|1943-02-28|Fossati Emil|Space heating resp. Cooling device.| CH672833A5|1986-09-30|1989-12-29|Barcol Air| FR2692924B1|1992-04-28|1996-07-26|Blouet Claude|CARRIER STRUCTURE SUCH AS A FLOOR, COMPRISING BEAMS AND A CONCRETE SLAB AND METHOD FOR OBTAINING SAME.| CH690457A8|1996-01-11|2000-11-15|Barcol-Air Ag|Method and device for cooling a room.| EP1022518B1|1999-01-25|2004-06-09|LUK Agentur für Luft- und Klimasysteme AG|Room cooling method and device for carrying out the method| DE10043968A1|2000-09-06|2002-04-04|Wilhelmi Werke Ag|A celing mounted room air conditioning system has chilled air passed through the heat exchanger to prevent condensation water being passed with the cool air.| DE202008007139U1|2008-05-28|2009-10-08|Schwörer Haus KG|Prefabricated building with wooden beams and integrated heating pipes| DE102011084423A1|2011-10-13|2013-04-18|Yit Germany Gmbh|Building, has ceiling intermediate area formed between ceiling and cooling ceiling and limited by space limiting elements, where height of intermediate area measured perpendicular to ceiling plane amounts between specific cm| DE202012006727U1|2012-07-12|2013-10-16|Friedrich Thomas|Thermoactive precast slab with improved acoustic properties| CH707403A1|2012-12-19|2014-06-30|Barcol Air|A method for conditioning of a space and air ceiling for performing the method.|
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申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题 CH01125/15A|CH711401B1|2015-08-03|2015-08-03|Concrete composite element for a ceiling element for room temperature control of a lounge.|CH01125/15A| CH711401B1|2015-08-03|2015-08-03|Concrete composite element for a ceiling element for room temperature control of a lounge.| EP16179829.3A| EP3128244B1|2015-08-03|2016-07-16|Activatable concrete-containing composite element| 相关专利
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